COLONOSCOPY 1

Colonoscopy is an advanced diagnostic procedure used to examine the inner lining of the large intestine (colon and rectum). It is performed using a long, flexible tube called a colonoscope, which has a camera and light at its tip.

This test helps doctors detect abnormalities such as polyps, ulcers, inflamed tissue, bleeding sources, and early signs of colorectal cancer. In many cases, abnormal growths can be removed during the procedure itself, making it both a diagnostic and therapeutic tool.

Colonoscopy is considered the gold standard test for evaluating large bowel diseases and colorectal cancer screening.

Benefits of the Test

• Early detection of colorectal cancer
• Identification and removal of colon polyps
• Diagnosis of chronic abdominal pain or bleeding
• Detection of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD)
• Helps prevent cancer progression through early intervention
• Accurate visualization of the entire colon

Why Doctors Recommend This Test

Doctors recommend colonoscopy when patients have symptoms such as persistent abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, unexplained weight loss, or changes in bowel habits. It is also strongly recommended as a routine screening test for individuals over 45 years or those with a family history of colon cancer.

It is essential for detecting silent or early-stage colorectal conditions that may not show symptoms initially.

Preparation Before Test

• Follow a clear liquid diet 24–48 hours before the test
• Bowel cleansing with prescribed laxatives is required
• Avoid solid foods before the procedure
• Inform doctor about blood thinners or chronic medications
• Arrange someone to accompany you after sedation

Normal Reporting Time

Initial findings are available immediately after the procedure. If biopsies are taken, final reports may take 2 to 5 days.

Who Should Take This Test

• Individuals above 45 years (routine screening)
• Patients with rectal bleeding
• Chronic abdominal pain or diarrhea
• Unexplained weight loss
• Family history of colon cancer
• Suspected inflammatory bowel disease
• Patients with positive stool occult blood test