IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY, PROLACTIN

The IHC – Prolactin test is an immunohistochemistry-based diagnostic assay used to detect prolactin hormone expression in tissue samples. This test is primarily used in the evaluation and classification of pituitary gland tumors, especially prolactin-secreting adenomas known as prolactinomas.

Prolactin is a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland and is mainly responsible for stimulating breast development and milk production. Abnormal prolactin secretion can occur due to pituitary tumors and may lead to symptoms such as menstrual irregularities, infertility, headaches, and vision problems.

Benefits of the Test

• Helps diagnose prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas
• Assists in classification of pituitary tumors
• Supports endocrine disorder evaluation
• Helps guide treatment planning and prognosis
• Differentiates hormone-secreting from non-functioning tumors

Why Doctors Recommend This Test

Doctors recommend the IHC Prolactin test when there is suspicion of pituitary gland abnormalities or hormonal imbalance disorders. It is commonly used in:

• Diagnosis of prolactinoma
• Evaluation of pituitary adenomas
• Investigation of elevated prolactin levels
• Endocrine pathology studies
• Tumor hormone profiling after pituitary surgery

This test helps determine whether a tumor is producing prolactin, which is important for selecting appropriate medical therapy or surgical treatment.

Preparation Before Test

No special preparation is required for this test. Important considerations include:

• The test is performed on pituitary tissue obtained during biopsy or surgery
• No fasting is required for the immunohistochemistry procedure
• Hormonal blood test reports and MRI findings may assist interpretation

Normal Reporting Time

The typical turnaround time is 3 to 5 working days, depending on tissue processing and laboratory workflow.

Who Should Take This Test

• Patients with suspected prolactinoma
• Individuals with elevated prolactin hormone levels
• Patients with pituitary gland tumors
• Cases requiring endocrine tumor classification
• Individuals undergoing pituitary surgery evaluation

The IHC Prolactin test is an important diagnostic tool in endocrine pathology. It helps pathologists accurately identify prolactin-producing tumors, supporting early diagnosis and effective treatment planning for pituitary disorders.